How India electrified 45% of its railway network in just five years

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Electric rail transportation was first introduced in India all the way back in 1925, when a 16km section of railway was electrified to provide a rapid suburban service from the suburbs of Mumbai (then Bombay) into the city.
With 94% of lines electrified as of 1 January 2024, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has pledged that Indian Railways will achieve 100% electrification within “a few months”.
According to Qamar, key to electrification’s success has been assured funding, speedy permitting, fast-tracked engineering, procurement, and construction, and the decentralisation of spending powers and decision-making.